Daughters by John Mayer

Daughters

"Daughters"

I know a girl

She puts the color inside of my world

But she's just like a maze

Where all of the walls all continually change

And I've done all I can

To stand on her steps with my heart in my hands

Now I'm starting to see

Maybe it's got nothing to do with me


Fathers, be good to your daughters

Daughters will love like you do

Girls become lovers who turn into mothers

So mothers, be good to your daughters too



Oh, you see that skin?

It's the same she's been standing in

Since the day she saw him walking away

Now she's left

Cleaning up the mess he made



So fathers, be good to your daughters

Daughters will love like you do

Girls become lovers who turn into mothers

So mothers, be good to your daughters too



Boys, you can break

You'll find out how much they can take

Boys will be strong

And boys soldier on

But boys would be gone without the warmth from

A womans good, good heart



On behalf of every man

Looking out for every girl

You are the god and the weight of her world



So fathers, be good to your daughters

Daughters will love like you do

Girls become lovers who turn into mothers

So mothers, be good to your daughters too [x3]

Essay 4 Works Cited

Works Cited

"LASIK Surgery Statistics." DocShop. Einstein Industries, 2010. Web. 21 Nov 2010. http://www.docshop.com/education/vision/refractive/lasik/statistics

Lloyd, Bill. "Your LASIK Is Perfect, Here Are Your New Glasses!." WebMD. WebMD, 25 Jun 2008. Web. 22 Nov 2010. http://blogs.webmd.com/eye-on-vision/2008/06/your-lasik-is-perfect-here-are-your-new-glasses.html

Randleman, J. Bradley. "LASIK Eye Surgery." Medicine Net. Medicine Net, n.d. Web. 21 Nov 2010. http://www.medicinenet.com/lasik_eye_surgery/article.htm

Rundle, Rhonda L. "FDA To Give Unhappy Patients Of Laser Eye Surgery a Forum." Wall Street Journal (2008): D1. Web. 22 Nov 2010. http://online.wsj.com/article_email/SB120900021515240249-lMyQjAxMDI4MDI5NDAyMDQwWj.html

Segre, Liz. "Cost of LASIK and Other Corrective Eye Surgery." All About Vision. All About Vision, 10 Oct 2010. Web. 21 Nov 2010. http://www.allaboutvision.com/visionsurgery/cost.htm

Segre, Liz. "The LASIK Procedure: A Complete Guide." All About Vision. All About Vision, Apr 2010. Web. 21 Nov 2010. http://www.allaboutvision.com/visionsurgery/lasik.htm

Valentine, Vikki. "Your Questions on Lasik Eye Surgery." NPR. NPR, 19 Oct 2006. Web. 22 Nov 2010. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6305599

"What is LASIK?." Medical Devices. FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 16 Apr 2009. Web. 21 Nov 2010. http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ProductsandMedicalProcedures/SurgeryandLifeSupport/LASIK/ucm061358.htm

Essay 4

Krista Carter

Professor Kerr

EN 101-5

November 21, 2010

LASIK Eye Surgery

            Refractive surgery corrects visual acuity, reducing or eliminating the need for glasses or contacts (Segre, “The LASIK Procedure”). LASIK eye surgery is the most commonly performed refractive surgery (Segre, “The LASIK Procedure”). According to Dr. J. Bradley Randleman, “LASIK stands for laser in situ keratomileusis, which means using a laser underneath a corneal flap (in situ) to reshape the cornea (keratomileusis)” (Randleman). First, a microkeratome, which is a small instrument that contains a blade, is used to cut a thin, circular flap in the cornea of the eye (Segre, “The LASIK Procedure”). After the surgeon cuts the cornea, an extremely precise laser is used to carefully reshape the cornea, changing its focusing power and therefore improving vision (“What is LASIK”).

            According to the report Eye Health Statistics at a Glance from the American Academy of Ophthalmology, “more than 700,000 LASIK procedures are performed [in the United States of America] each year” (“LASIK Surgery Statistics”). This leaves millions of visually impaired individuals who are candidates for LASIK eye surgery continuing to rely on contact lenses or eye glasses to see clearly (“LASIK Surgery Statistics”). Those millions of people should continue to rely on contact lenses or eye glasses to see clearly instead of getting LASIK because many people still need contact lenses or eye glasses after surgery, there is a possibility of regression after surgery, and night glare is a common and dangerous post LASIK side effect.

            One major reason not to get LASIK eye surgery is because of the 700,000 surgeries performed annually in the United States, the majority of patients will still need to wear eye glasses or contact lenses to be able to see clearly (“LASIK Surgery Statistics”). When it comes to LASIK eye surgery, patient counseling and clear communication between the patient and the surgeon deserve more attention (Lloyd). According to Dr. Bill Lloyd, “one huge misunderstanding experienced by all LASIK candidates is that they will never need to wear eye glasses or contacts ever again. That statement is very inaccurate” (Lloyd). Although a patient’s main focus when considering LASIK eye surgery is most likely to improve their vision, they are also seeking to eliminate the need to wear glasses or contact lenses. Instead of eliminating an individual’s reliance on glasses or contact lenses, LASIK commonly converts visually impaired individuals to thinner eyewear or a weaker prescription (Lloyd). The need for eye glasses or contacts after surgery may not be immediate, but at some point, it’s highly likely that a patient will need them (Segre, “The LASIK Procedure”). This is because of a condition that is not cured by LASIK called presbyopia, which is an age-related loss of near vision, making it difficult to see objects close to the face (Segre, “The LASIK Procedure”). Although vision is usually improved, patients are obviously unhappy that they paid thousands of dollars to have LASIK eye surgery and are still required to buy contact lenses or glasses.

            LASIK eye surgery can help both nearsighted and farsighted people (Segre, “The LASIK Procedure”). Laser surgery has helped millions of people, farsighted and nearsighted, see without corrective lenses such as glasses or contacts, but a number of patients have reported the opposite to the Food and Drug Administration (Rundle). Past studies done by the FDA found that about 95% of LASIK patients are satisfied with the results of their surgery (Rundle). The other 5% of patients who are not pleased with their results are assisting in keeping potential LASIK candidates from moving ahead with the procedure. The unpleased patients are making sure the potential LASIK candidates are aware of certain affects such as still having to wear corrective lenses post-surgery before the candidates spend money on the costly procedure (Rundle).

            Regression is a gradual worsening of eyesight over time, with age working as its main factor (Segre, “The LASIK Procedure”). Regression has been noticed in LASIK cases, but also in non-LASIK cases where a person’s eyesight regresses simply because they are aging (Valentine). When asked about regression after LASIK eye surgery in an interview with NPR, Dr. Rex Hamilton, assistant professor of ophthalmology at the University of California, Los Angeles, says, “If people say their vision has gotten worse, most of the time they’re talking about their reading vision, primarily because they’re getting older. Deterioration in reading vision happens to everyone around age 40 to 45” (Valentine). Although, in most situations only reading glasses would be necessary in cases of regression after LASIK, that is an extra expense for a patient who was expecting permanent results. The average cost of LASIK eye surgery in the first quarter of 2010 was about $2150.00 per eye (Segre, “Cost of LASIK”). After paying this amount of money per eye, patients are lead to believe that their results will be permanent and that they will actually save money in the long run, but they are shocked to learn about regression as a common issue (Randleman). If regression does occur, additional surgeries are often recommended after the first LASIK procedure (Randleman). Additional surgeries are called enhancements or touch-ups (Segre, “The LASIK Procedure”). The lack of communication between the patient and the surgeon is ridiculous and results in costing the patient more money for enhancement surgeries after the initial surgery and several evaluations.

            As expected with any surgery, there are side effects that come with LASIK eye surgery. One of the most dangerous, but also one of the most common is night glare (Segre, “The LASIK Procedure”). Night glare is a postoperative LASIK complication where starbursts or halos are noticeable when viewing lights at night (Segre, “The LASIK Procedure”). This complication most commonly affects people while they are driving at night (Segre, “The LASIK Procedure”). Night glare is extremely dangerous, especially when driving because lights become blurry and merge together, making it difficult to read signs, see other vehicles, or see other objects or animals in the road or field of view. When asked whether an enhancement procedure could get rid of halos and night glare, Dr. Hamilton responded, “Yes, and I’ve done that before, but candidates need to have a full evaluation. They need to have enough cornea tissue left for the procedure to be safe” (Valentine). Another full evaluation and procedure will cost the individual even more money, in addition to what they have already put out for the original LASIK procedure. If the individual would have continued to rely on glasses or contact lenses, it’s possible that they would not be struggling with night glare. It’s questionable whether LASIK eye surgery is even worth all the trouble.

            Although there are advantages of LASIK eye surgery, such as a quick and almost painless procedure, the use of a precise laser, and some visual improvement, the disadvantages seem to overpower the advantages (Randleman). The disadvantages and negatives of LASIK eye surgery include the reliance on glasses or contact lenses after surgery, non-permanent results and the possibility of regressing vision after surgery, and night glare. As the procedure is extremely expensive and has several large disadvantages, it makes logical sense to continue using contacts or glasses instead of having a LASIK procedure. LASIK eye surgery may be portrayed as a simple procedure, but more and more people are reporting side effects that cannot always be corrected easily (Rundle). When considering LASIK eye surgery, potential candidates should seriously consider all of their options as well as taking into consideration all of the consequences and side effects of the procedure.

LASIK websites

http://www.allaboutvision.com/visionsurgery/lasik.htm

http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ProductsandMedicalProcedures/SurgeryandLifeSupport/LASIK/ucm061366.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/lasik_eye_surgery/page9.htm

http://www.allaboutvision.com/visionsurgery/cost.htm

http://www.docshop.com/education/vision/refractive/lasik/statistics

http://www.aao.org/newsroom/press_kit/upload/Eye-Health-Statistics-June-2009.pdf

http://blogs.webmd.com/eye-on-vision/2008/06/your-lasik-is-perfect-here-are-your-new-glasses.html

Essay 4 idea

LASIK eye surgery is bad because many people still have to wear contacts or glasses after surgery, vision regresses over time, and night glare is a bad side effect.
Intro: facts about LASIK (what it is, how it works) and statistics

Point 1: people still have to wear contacts or glasses after surgery- this is an extra expense that the person thought they were getting out of. One of the main points of getting surgery was to that they wouldn't have to rely on glasses or contacts. Now they have paid thousands of dollars for surgery and still have to wear them
  Positives: vision usually improves and people need weaker prescriptions.

Point 2: vision may regress over time- meaning that after surgery, depending on age, a person's vision may continue to worsen. LASIK does not cure or help regression. This may lead to either wearing contacts or glasses again, or having additional surgeries called enhancements which may or may not help.
   Positives: there are additional surgeries and procedures called enhancements that may help.

Point 3: Night glare- is a dangerous, but common side effect of LASIK. Halos and starbursts form when looking at lights. The lights glare together. This is very common during night driving making it hard to read signs or see other things in the road.
 
Conclusion: summarize information about LASIK. Candidates should consider other options.

Questions and Answers about Adoption

What is adoption?
    -"Adoption is the legal and permanent transfer of all parental rights, under the law, to one person or couple from another person or couple."
    -"Adoption brings a child born to other parents into a new family."
Is adoption a good option?
    -"Adoption benefits everyone in the adoption triad." (the birthparents, the adoptive parents, and the child)
    -It brings a positive ending to a challenging situation.
What are some of the benefits to the child being adopted?
    -"The love and support of adoptive parents who are emotionally and financially ready to parent"
    -"A greater probability of good educational resources"
    -Possibility of having a sibling in the new home
What different settings do adoptive children come from?
    -"Children who are eligible for adoption come from many different settings. Some are in foster care, a temporary home setting. Other children live in orphanages or with birth relatives until they can be adopted."

Essay 3 credibility of sources

                                                               Works Cited

"Dad and Daughter - a Special Bond - Fathers Affect Girls' Emotional Adjustment." Bnet. Gale Group, 2004. Web. 20 Oct 2010. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1272/is_n2572_v121/ai_13358877/

            I'm not sure if this is a credible source because there is not an identified author, but it comes from a good original source (CBS and USA Today). The article includes quotes from Purdue University professors so therefore it's secondary information. Although there is a publication/edit date and comes from the CBS news network, I don't know that it's that credible if it doesn't have a known author.

Mack, Melodie. "The Importance of the Father/Daughter Relationship ." Healing Hearts & Families Counseling. Healing Hearts & Families, 2008. Web. 20 Oct 2010. http://www.healinghearts-families.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=68:theimportanceofthefatherdaughterrelationship&catid=37:families&Itemid=56

            This source is credible because the author is identified (Melodie Mack) and it was edited recently (2008). The information in the site is primary and the site seems to be pretty balanced- it gives information about the daughters of involved and uninvolved fathers. I'll keep this source.

Stimpson, Emily. "The Father-Daughter Factor." Fathers For Good. Knights Of Columbus, 15 Jun 2008. Web. 20 Oct 2010.  http://www.fathersforgood.org/ffg/en/common_challenges/factor.html

            This source is credible because the author is identified (Emily Stimpson). The article is actually an interview done by Emily Stimpson with Dr. Meg Meeker, a pediatrician. The interview took place recently on June 15, 2008 and is primary information from the interview with Dr. Meeker. I think the article is balanced and I'll keep this source.

essay 3 final

Krista Carter

Professor Kerr

EN101-5

October 24, 2010

The Importance of a Father

            Throughout life, it’s important for a girl to have her mother involved in her life, as well as her father. Fathers commonly underestimate the importance of a good relationship with their daughter (Mack). Often, girls do not have a good relationship with their father, whether it’s due to divorce, death, incarceration, or a lack of interest. This is extremely unfortunate because a father is the most important man in a girl’s life (Stimpson). The interaction of a father in his daughter’s life affects her emotionally, socially, and physically.

            The absence of a father, no matter the reason, emotionally affects a girl in a negative way. Phame Camarena, a Purdue University researcher, states, “Dads are generally as important to the emotional well-being and adjustment of their kids as moms are” (“Dad and Daughter”).  Losing a father due to death, divorce, or even due to lack of interest can be devastating (Mack). To an adolescent aged daughter, the common effects of an absent father are depression and anger (Mack). Purdue University professor, Pamela Sarigiani, found that eighth grade girls who said they did not have a close relationship with their fathers showed a significantly higher rate of depression than girls who said they have a close relationship with their father (“Dad and Daughter”). Sarigiani then stated, “We expected to find the same pattern among girls who said they didn’t get along well with their mothers, but we didn’t” (qtd. in “Dad and Daughter”). It’s likely for a number of girls to fear failure and rejection because they feel as though the lack of a good relationship with their father is their fault (Mack). This research shows that fathers do play an important role in their daughter’s emotional development.

            Whether or not a father interacts in his daughter’s life affects her socially. Most importantly, a father’s interactions with his daughter set her up or prepare her for how she is going to interact in future relationships with other men (Mack). Successful future relationships with males are dependent on a good father-daughter relationship. In her book Strong Fathers, Strong Daughters, Dr. Meg Meeker explains, “Daughters watch their dads like hawks. They watch not only how he treats her, but also how he treats her mom” (Stimpson). If a girl has an absent father, it’s likely that she will not develop good relationships with other males because she didn’t receive what she needed from her father. On the other hand, if a girl has an active father, it’s more likely that she will choose men who treat her well because that is what she experienced and watched at home. When a girl is developing relationships with other males, her father should remember that adolescent age girls have a strong need for male attention and affection (Stimpson). Therefore, if he is depriving his daughter of attention and affection, she will proceed to seek it in her social life from male friendships or from sexual relationships (Stimpson).

            A good father-daughter relationship also physically affects a girl. Purdue University researcher, Phame Camarena, indicates that a critical time when a girl needs her father is during adolescence when she is physically changing (“Dad and Daughter”). At this point in adolescence, a girl’s appearance is rapidly changing. Sudden, rapid changes, such as those that occur during puberty, often cause insecurities. Ironically, at a point in life and development where a girl may need her dad the most, it’s common for even an active father to pull away because he is uncomfortable with the situation (“Dad and Daughter”). In life changing situations when a father excludes himself from his daughter’s life, she flounders (Stimpson). Exclusion will end in mistrust. If a girl learns to trust her father, it will be much easier for her to physically and emotionally trust her future husband along with other men she has relationships with (Stimpson).

            A father is a necessary person in a girl’s life. Fathers should realize how important they are in their daughter’s life, no matter what situation the family is in. Since a father is the most important male in a girl’s life, he should also be the one that a girl can always trust (Stimpson). His important role can and will impact the emotional development, the social development, and the physical development of his daughter.

                                                                 Works Cited

"Dad and Daughter - a Special Bond - Fathers Affect Girls' Emotional Adjustment." Bnet. Gale Group, 2004. Web. 20 Oct 2010. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1272/is_n2572_v121/ai_13358877/

Mack, Melodie. "The Importance of the Father/Daughter Relationship ." Healing Hearts & Families Counseling. Healing Hearts & Families, 2008. Web. 20 Oct 2010. http://www.healinghearts-families.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=68:theimportanceofthefatherdaughterrelationship&catid=37:families&Itemid=56

Stimpson, Emily. "The Father-Daughter Factor." Fathers For Good. Knights Of Columbus, 15 Jun 2008. Web. 20 Oct 2010.  http://www.fathersforgood.org/ffg/en/common_challenges/factor.html

Essay 3 rough draft

Krista Carter

Professor Kerr

EN101-5

October 24, 2010

The Importance of a Father

            Throughout life, it’s important for a girl to have her mother involved in her life, as well as her father. Fathers commonly underestimate the importance of a good relationship with their daughter (Mack). Often, girls do not have a good relationship with their father, whether it’s due to divorce, death, incarceration, or a lack of interest. This is extremely unfortunate because a father is the most important man in a girl’s life (Stimpson). The interaction of a father in his daughter’s life affects her emotionally, socially, and physically.

            The absence of a father, no matter the reason, emotionally affects a girl in a negative way. Losing a father due to death, divorce, or even due to lack of interest can be devastating (Mack). To an adolescent aged daughter, the common effects of an absent father are depression and anger (Mack). It’s likely for a number of girls to fear failure and rejection because they feel as though the lack of a good relationship with their father is their fault (Mack). Usually, mothers or mother figures are viewed as the parent who should deal with the emotions of children, especially girls. Phame Camarena, a Purdue University researcher, states, “Dads are generally as important to the emotional well-being and adjustment of their kids as moms are” (“Dad”). Purdue University professor, Pamela Sarigiani, found that eighth grade girls who said they did not have a close relationship with their fathers showed a significantly higher rate of depression than girls who said they have a close relationship with their father (“Dad”). Sarigiani then stated, “We expected to find the same pattern among girls who said they didn’t get along well with their mothers, but we didn’t” (“Dad”). This research shows that fathers do play an important role in their daughter’s emotional development.

            Whether or not a father interacts in his daughter’s life affects her socially. Most importantly, a father’s interactions with his daughter set her up or prepare her for how she is going to interact in future relationships with other men (Mack). Successful future relationships with males are dependent on a good father-daughter relationship. In her book Strong Fathers, Strong Daughters, Dr. Meg Meeker explains, “Daughters watch their dads like hawks. They watch not only how he treats her, but also how he treats her mom” (Stimpson). If a girl has an absent father, it’s likely that she will not develop good relationships with other males because she didn’t receive what she needed from her father. On the other hand, if a girl has an active father, it’s more likely that she will choose men who treat her well because that is what she experienced and watched at home. When a girl is developing relationships with other males, her father should remember that adolescent age girls have a strong need for male attention and affection (Stimpson). Therefore, if he is depriving his daughter of attention and affection, she will proceed to seek it in her social life from male friendships or from sexual relationships (Stimpson).

            A good father-daughter relationship also physically affects a girl. Purdue University researcher, Phame Camarena, indicates that a critical time when a girl needs her father is during adolescence when she is physically changing (“Dad”). At this point in adolescence, a girl’s appearance is rapidly changing. Sudden, rapid changes, such as those that occur during puberty, often cause insecurities. Ironically, at a point in life and development where a girl may need her dad the most, it’s common for even an active father to pull away because he is uncomfortable with the situation (“Dad”). In life changing situations when a father excludes himself from his daughter’s life, she flounders (Stimpson). Exclusion will end in mistrust. If a girl learns to trust her father, it will be much easier for her to physically and emotionally trust her future husband along with other men she has relationships with (Stimpson).

            A father is a necessary person in a girl’s life. Fathers should realize how important they are in their daughter’s life, no matter what situation the family is in. Since a father is the most important male in a girl’s life, he should also be the one that a girl can always trust (Stimpson). His important role can and will impact the emotional development, the social development, and the physical development of his daughter.

                                                                       Works Cited

"Dad and Daughter - a Special Bond - Fathers Affect Girls' Emotional Adjustment." Bnet. Gale Group, 2004. Web. 20 Oct 2010. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1272/is_n2572_v121/ai_13358877/

Mack, Melodie. "The Importance of the Father/Daughter Relationship ." Healing Hearts & Families Counseling. Healing Hearts & Families, 2008. Web. 20 Oct 2010. http://www.healinghearts-families.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=68:theimportanceofthefatherdaughterrelationship&catid=37:families&Itemid=56

Stimpson, Emily. "The Father-Daughter Factor." Fathers For Good. Knights Of Columbus, 15 Jun 2008. Web. 20 Oct 2010.  http://www.fathersforgood.org/ffg/en/common_challenges/factor.html

Essay 3 Questions

Why is it important for a girl to have her father in ther life?
    It's important for a father to be in his daughter's life because he is usually the first man she knows.

  A girl naturally views her dad as a leader, a protector, and a provider. Fathers hae tremendous power over their daughters. 

How is a girl affected emotionally when her father isn't in her life?
  The number one influence on a girl's self esteem is affection from her dad.

  Being without a father can cause a girl to become depressed, angry, or to fear failure and rejection.


How is a girl affected physically when her father isn't in her life?
  Girls, especially during their teenage years, need male attention. If a girl doesn't have a father in her life, she will seek that needed attention from male friendships or from sexual relationships.


Does the interaction of a father in his daughter's life (or the lack there of) impact her relationships with other males?
 A father's relationship with his daughter set her up for how she's going to relate to other men.

 If a girl learns to trust her father, it will be easier for her to trust her future husband and other men that she has any kind of relationship with.

Essay 3 Outline and Purpose

Purpose: My purpose in this essay is to analyze the effects that an absent or inactive father has on a girl emotionally, socially, and physically.

Thesis: The interaction of a father in his daughter's life affects her emotionally, socially, and physically.

Introduction:
-It's important for kids to have both parents involved in their lives.
-Father's don't realize how important their role is in their daughter's life.

Emotional Effects:
-Loss of a father can be devastating
-Girls with absent fathers are often depressed, angry, and fear rejection.
-Depression in young girls relates to their relationship with their father.

Social Effects:
-A father sets a girl up for how she will interact in future relationships with other males.
-A successful relationship with a male is dependent on a good father-daughter relationship.
-Adolescent age girls seek and need male attention.

Physical Effects:
-A girl needs her dad the most during puberty, when she is changing physically.
-At this point in a girl's life, dad usually backs out because he feels uncomfortable with the situation.

Conclusion:
-No matter what the situation is, a girl needs her father or at least a father figure in her life.
-Fathers are the most important man in a girl's life.

Essay 2 partial draft

Krista Carter

Professor Kerr

EN101-5

October 5, 2010

Essay 2

            A father is the most important man in a girl’s life (Meeker). He should not only be a person a girl can turn to for support and stability in life, but also someone to have fun with (Appleton). In the last forty five years, the United States of America has become one of the world leaders in fatherless families (Venish). There are several reasons why fathers aren’t always actively involved in their daughter’s lives including: death, divorce, incarceration, or a lack of interest. No matter the reason, the lack of a father will change a girl. Girls who grew up without a father in their life will differ in their relationships, their educational and professional success, and their levels of self-esteem when compared to girls who grew up with a father in their life.

            A father’s interactions with his daughter set her up for how she will relate to other men (Meeker). They will also allow a girl to develop expectations from men in future relationships (Kelly). Girls who grow up without their father playing an active role in their life are unfortunately deprived of this experience. Without an active father, the ability of a girl to have healthy relationships with other men completely flounders or falls apart (Meeker). This inability is likely to cause relationship problems for the remainder of the girl’s life. There is a high proportion of girls who grew up in situations with negative father-daughter relationships who become involved in bad relationships with other males (Cucchiara). This is likely because the girl experienced a bad father-daughter relationship with negative behavior while she was growing up, so therefore, she accepts it (Cucchiara). Whether girls experience a bad father-daughter relationship or just do not have a father that they know, girls without a father involved in their life are 53% more likely to marry as teenagers compared to girls who grow up with their fathers involved in their life (Dad’s World). From a girl’s prospective, teenage marriage is more than likely an attempt at filling a gap in their life where they actually need a father. On the other hand, girls with active dads are less likely to be involved in abusive relationships in the future (Mack). Overall, they also tend to be more successful in relationships than girls who grow up without an active father (Venish). Dr. Meg Meeker, author of Strong Fathers, Strong Daughters, says, “If [a girl] learns to like her dad, and she can trust him, she’ll have a much easier time trusting her husband” (Meeker). Trust is the key factor that causes a change in the ability of a girl with a father to have a successful relationship and the inability of a girl without a father to have a successful relationship.

            The success rates, especially educational success, of girls who grow up without fathers differ from success rates of girls who grow up with fathers. When a girl’s father does not have an active role in her life, her sense of what she is able to accomplish in life is decreased (Meeker). Fathers should be a reliable source of support in life. According to a survey on child health, the National Center for Health Statistics, in Washington D.C., found that “Fatherless children are at a dramatically greater risk of poor educational performance” (Venish). Unfortunately, the issue of being fatherless or growing up without an active father not only influences a girl’s life at home, but it also influences her educational success. Only 35% of children in homes that lack a father reported to getting mostly A’s through high school compared to 50% of children in homes with fathers who reported getting mostly A’s through high school (Dad’s World). This proves that fathers who are involved on a personal level with their daughter’s schooling increase the likelihood of their daughter’s achievement and success (Dad’s World). It’s obvious that girls with active fathers are more successful in school. Girls with active dads also attend college after high school more often than fatherless girls (Gurian). In addition to a college education, girls with active dads are more likely to attain careers of their own (Gurian). Not only do girls with active fathers have a better educational success rate than girls who grow up without fathers, but they also tend to be more successful in having their own career because a father’s support encourages a career success in young women (Father Involvement).

            Self-esteem is the result of how people perceive themselves (Franklin). According to Dr. Meg Meeker, “The number one influence on a girl’s self-esteem is affection from her dad” (Meeker). Girls that lack the support or attention of a father have a low level of self-esteem that sinks lower and lower with every negative encounter (Meeker). Low self-esteem tends to lead to seeking attention from other males to try to fill a hole in life. On the other hand, daughters who feel close and connected to their fathers have fewer instances of low self-esteem (Fathers and Daughters). As a result of higher levels of self-esteem, girls with active fathers are less likely to flaunt themselves to get attention from other men (Fathers and Daughters). Since they feel close to their father, they don’t feel the need for a greater amount of attention from other males.

Outline for Essay 2

Introduction:
 -A father is the most important male in a girl's life
 -Girls with fathers differ from girls with fathers
Thesis:
 Girls who grew up without a father in their life will differ when compared to girls who grew up with a father in their life in their relationships, their success, and their levels of self-esteem.
Body Paragraph 1: Relationships
 -A fathers interactions with his daughter set her up for how she will relate to toher men and also develop an idea of what she will expect form other relationships (Meeker). (topic sentence)
 -Girls who grew up with their fathers:
        -their relationships with other males
        -more likely to be in unhealthy relationships
-Girls who grew up with their fathers:
         -their relationships with other males
         -more likely to be in healthy relationships
Body Paragraph 2: Success
-Girls who grew up without a father:
      -success in school is lower
      -success in a career/profession
-Girls who grew up with a father:
      -success in school is greater
      -success in career/profession
Body Paragraph 3: Self-esteem
 -Girls who grew up without a father:
       -levels of self-esteem
-Girls who grew up with a father:
      -levels of self-esteem
Conclusion

Questions for Essay 2

-Do girls who have a good father-daughter relationship have better relationships with other males?
-Are girls with a bad father-daughter relationship more likely to stay in an unhealthy relationship wtih another male?
-Do girls with good father-daughter relationships tend to have better success rates than girls who don't have a good relationship?
-Does a girl with a bad father-daughter relationship tend to strive more to have better relationships with her children or vice versa?
-Do girls who had their father in their life tend to have higher self-esteem than girls who did not? If so, why?

Topic idea for compare and contrast paper

Topic: Compare and contrast girls who grew up with their father in their life to girls who grew up witout their father. I'll compare their relationships with other men, their success in life (school, work, family), and their levels of self-esteem.
Purpose: To inform the reader of differences in a girl's life when she has her father in her life compared to when she doesn't.

Skin Works Cited (Essay 1 revision)

Works Cited

Brain, Marshall. "How Sunburns and Sun Tans Work." Discovery Health n. pag. Web. 29 Sep 2010. <http://health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/beauty/sun-care/sunscreen1.htm>.

"Dermatology." University of Maryland Medical Center. UMMC, n.d. Web. 29 Sep 2010. <http://www.umm.edu/dermatology-info/anatomy.htm>.

"Definition of Epidermis." Medicine Net. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sep 2010. <http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=3278>.

"Different Parts of the Skin." General Info. DermIS, 29 Sep 2010. Web. 29 Sep 2010. <http://skincancer.dermis.net/content/e01geninfo/e7/index

Peel, Janette. "How Does Your Skin Protect You?." Helium. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sep 2010. <http://www.helium.com/items/1125157-how-does-your-skin-protect-you>.

"Skin Structure." Netdoctor. N.p., 15 Sep 2005. Web. 29 Sep 2010. <http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/skin_hair/skin_structure_003740.htm

"The Dermis." An Organ Revealed. L'Oreal, n.d. Web. 29 Sep 2010. <http://www.skin-science.com/_int/_en/topic/topic_sousrub.aspx?tc=SKIN_SCIENCE_ROOT%5EAN_ORGAN_REVEALED%5ETHE_DERMIS&cur=THE_DERMIS>.

Skin essay (Essay 1 revision)

Krista Carter

Professor Kerr

EN101-5

September 29, 2010

Skin

            Skin is one of the most amazing, if not the most amazing organ in the human body (Brain). The skin is the largest organ that is part of the human body, as it covers the entire outside of the body and weighs about six pounds (Dermatology).The main function of the skin is protection. As thin as the skin seems, it’s made up of two separate layers. The epidermis is the outside layer that can be physically seen, where the dermis is the inside layer (Brain). The make-up of the skin, including the dermis and epidermis, provides protection for the body, both internally and externally.

            The epidermis is the thin outside layer of the skin which can be visibly seen (Dermatology). It serves as a barrier and for the most part, is made up of flat, scale-like squamous cells, which are also called keratinocytes (Brain, Definition of Epidermis). The epidermis is separated into three layers: the stratum corneum, the keratinocytes, and the basal layer (Dermatology).The stratum corneum layer of the skin contains dead keratinocytes (Dermatology). Keratinocytes develop at the bottom of the epidermis and rise to the surface of the stratum corneum layer where they shed as dead skin cells (Different Parts of the Skin). Under the stratum corneum layer, there is a layer of living keratinocytes (Dermatology). The third layer of the epidermis is the basal layer which “is the inner layer of the epidermis, containing basal cells. Basal cells continually divide, forming new keratinocytes and replacing the old ones that are shed from the skin's surface” (Dermatology).

            The dermis is the inner layer of the skin which contains blood and lymph vessels, hair follicles, and glands (Definition of Epidermis). The dermis is directly under the epidermis, but is about four times thicker than the epidermis (Skin Structure). The glands present in the dermis produce sweat, which help to regulate body temperature (Skin Structure). Along with blood vessels, hair follicles, and glands, the dermis also contains sense organs for touch, pressure, pain, and temperature (Different Parts of the Skin). The contents of the dermis “not only provide energy and nutrition to the epidermis, but also to play a primordial role in thermoregulation and in healing” (The Dermis). The dermis is basically the tissue that supports the skin (The Dermis).

            The main function of skin is protection, whether it’s internal or external protection of the body. Skin serves as a cushion to other vital, internal organs and protects them from things like harmful punctures and extreme temperatures (Peel). The skin also protects the internal organs from different types foreign bodies that cause infection. These types of foreign bodies include bacteria, harmful ultraviolet lights, and harmful toxins (Peel). Skin plays an important role in externally eliminating the waste products of the body (Peel). The elimination of waste products is possible because of the body’s ability to produce sweat glands which are secreted through pores at the surface of the skin (Peel). The sweat glands carry harmful toxins and other excretory waste with them through skin pores (Peel). Without skin to protect the body, people would not be able to live because their internal organs would be easily infected and there would be no way to eliminate harmful toxins from the body.

            Skin is made up of specific cells and tissues which collaborate together to form a boundary between a person’s internal structure and the outside world (Brain). The skin plays an extremely important role in the human body, as it would be nearly impossible for a person to live without any skin because they would have no protection from outside infection. The structure of the epidermis and the dermis layers help to provide both internal and external protection of the body.